Grainger CEME

Jiangmeng Zhang with adviser A. Domínguez-García
Demand response resources (DRRs), as fast-responsive energy resources, have become an important element for reliable and economic operation of power systems. Current power-system operations are challenged by the deep penetration of renewable energy resources. The demand-response program, under which consumers are able to adjust their consumption when a mismatch is severe or grid reliability is threatened, is believed to be a viable solution to address this challenge. However, each participating customer may fail to respond to the command from the aggregator for various reasons, such as cyber and physical issues in the communication and control devices. And the customer may opt out at any time, as mostly the customer participates on a voluntary basis. With the large number of DRRs involved, the impact of such events is no longer negligible.
In this project, we present a method for the DRR aggregation system to quickly evaluate its reliable capacity with consideration of uncertain events. We develop a stochastic hybrid system (SHS) model (shown in Figure 37) to capture the events when the participant unit fails to provide the commanded power at a certain rate, represented by the jumps between two modes in Figure 37. At that point, we obtain a set of ordinary differential equations that govern the evolution of the state moments, and then a reliability assessment can be performed based on these state moments. This research is supported by the Information Trust Institute.

Figure 37: DRR aggregation SHS model